Caution

You're reading an old version of this documentation. If you want up-to-date information, please have a look at 0.9.1.

librosa.core.piptrack

librosa.core.piptrack(y=None, sr=22050, S=None, n_fft=2048, hop_length=None, fmin=150.0, fmax=4000.0, threshold=0.1, win_length=None, window='hann', center=True, pad_mode='reflect', ref=None)[source]

Pitch tracking on thresholded parabolically-interpolated STFT.

This implementation uses the parabolic interpolation method described by [1].

1

https://ccrma.stanford.edu/~jos/sasp/Sinusoidal_Peak_Interpolation.html

Parameters
y: np.ndarray [shape=(n,)] or None

audio signal

srnumber > 0 [scalar]

audio sampling rate of y

S: np.ndarray [shape=(d, t)] or None

magnitude or power spectrogram

n_fftint > 0 [scalar] or None

number of FFT bins to use, if y is provided.

hop_lengthint > 0 [scalar] or None

number of samples to hop

thresholdfloat in (0, 1)

A bin in spectrum S is considered a pitch when it is greater than threshold*ref(S).

By default, ref(S) is taken to be max(S, axis=0) (the maximum value in each column).

fminfloat > 0 [scalar]

lower frequency cutoff.

fmaxfloat > 0 [scalar]

upper frequency cutoff.

win_lengthint <= n_fft [scalar]

Each frame of audio is windowed by window(). The window will be of length win_length and then padded with zeros to match n_fft.

If unspecified, defaults to win_length = n_fft.

windowstring, tuple, number, function, or np.ndarray [shape=(n_fft,)]

  • a window specification (string, tuple, or number); see scipy.signal.get_window

  • a window function, such as scipy.signal.hanning

  • a vector or array of length n_fft

centerboolean

  • If True, the signal y is padded so that frame t is centered at y[t * hop_length].

  • If False, then frame t begins at y[t * hop_length]

pad_modestring

If center=True, the padding mode to use at the edges of the signal. By default, STFT uses reflection padding.

refscalar or callable [default=np.max]

If scalar, the reference value against which S is compared for determining pitches.

If callable, the reference value is computed as ref(S, axis=0).

.. note::

One of S or y must be provided.

If S is not given, it is computed from y using the default parameters of librosa.core.stft.

Returns
pitchesnp.ndarray [shape=(d, t)]
magnitudesnp.ndarray [shape=(d,t)]

Where d is the subset of FFT bins within fmin and fmax.

pitches[f, t] contains instantaneous frequency at bin f, time t

magnitudes[f, t] contains the corresponding magnitudes.

Both pitches and magnitudes take value 0 at bins of non-maximal magnitude.

Notes

This function caches at level 30.

Examples

Computing pitches from a waveform input

>>> y, sr = librosa.load(librosa.util.example_audio_file())
>>> pitches, magnitudes = librosa.piptrack(y=y, sr=sr)

Or from a spectrogram input

>>> S = np.abs(librosa.stft(y))
>>> pitches, magnitudes = librosa.piptrack(S=S, sr=sr)

Or with an alternate reference value for pitch detection, where values above the mean spectral energy in each frame are counted as pitches

>>> pitches, magnitudes = librosa.piptrack(S=S, sr=sr, threshold=1,
...                                        ref=np.mean)