librosa.istft#

librosa.istft(stft_matrix, *, hop_length=None, win_length=None, n_fft=None, window='hann', center=True, dtype=None, length=None, out=None)[source]#

Inverse short-time Fourier transform (ISTFT).

Converts a complex-valued spectrogram stft_matrix to time-series y by minimizing the mean squared error between stft_matrix and STFT of y as described in [1] up to Section 2 (reconstruction from MSTFT).

In general, window function, hop length and other parameters should be same as in stft, which mostly leads to perfect reconstruction of a signal from unmodified stft_matrix.

Parameters:
stft_matrixnp.ndarray [shape=(…, 1 + n_fft//2, t)]

STFT matrix from stft

hop_lengthint > 0 [scalar]

Number of frames between STFT columns. If unspecified, defaults to win_length // 4.

win_lengthint <= n_fft = 2 * (stft_matrix.shape[-2] - 1)

When reconstructing the time series, each frame is windowed and each sample is normalized by the sum of squared window according to the window function (see below).

If unspecified, defaults to n_fft.

n_fftint > 0 or None

The number of samples per frame in the input spectrogram. By default, this is inferred as 2 * (stft_matrix.shape[-2] - 1), which assumes an even-length n_fft. If the STFT was computed with an odd n_fft, that inference is off by one; pass the original n_fft to recover the correct frame length.

windowstr, tuple, number, function, np.ndarray [shape=(n_fft,)]
centerbool

  • If True, D is assumed to have centered frames.

  • If False, D is assumed to have left-aligned frames.

dtypenumeric type

Real numeric type for y. Default is to match the numerical precision of the input spectrogram.

lengthint > 0, optional

If provided, the output y is zero-padded or clipped to exactly length samples.

outnp.ndarray or None

A pre-allocated, complex-valued array to store the reconstructed signal y. This must be of the correct shape for the given input parameters.

If not provided, a new array is allocated and returned.

Returns:
ynp.ndarray [shape=(…, n)]

time domain signal reconstructed from stft_matrix. If stft_matrix contains more than two axes (e.g., from a stereo input signal), then y will match shape on the leading dimensions.

See also

stft

Short-time Fourier Transform

Notes

This function caches at level 30.

Examples

>>> y, sr = librosa.loadx('trumpet')
>>> D = librosa.stft(y)
>>> y_hat = librosa.istft(D)
>>> y_hat
array([-1.407e-03, -4.461e-04, ...,  5.131e-06, -1.417e-05],
      dtype=float32)

Exactly preserving length of the input signal requires explicit padding. Otherwise, a partial frame at the end of y will not be represented.

>>> n = len(y)
>>> n_fft = 2048
>>> y_pad = librosa.util.fix_length(y, size=n + n_fft // 2)
>>> D = librosa.stft(y_pad, n_fft=n_fft)
>>> y_out = librosa.istft(D, length=n)
>>> np.max(np.abs(y - y_out))
8.940697e-08
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